Current Affairs
Question Bank
Every CA question in one place. Filter by subject, month, or exam track. Solutions inline.
Subject
197 questions · page 5 of 7
- Polity & Governance27 Apr 2026
The Anti-Defection Law is contained in which Schedule of the Constitution of India, and was added by which Constitutional Amendment Act?
- A.Eighth Schedule, by the 42nd Amendment Act 1976
- B.Tenth Schedule, by the 52nd Amendment Act 1985
- C.Tenth Schedule, by the 91st Amendment Act 2003
- D.Eleventh Schedule, by the 73rd Amendment Act 1992
Show solution
Answer: B. Tenth Schedule, by the 52nd Amendment Act 1985
The Anti-Defection Law is contained in the TENTH SCHEDULE of the Constitution, added by the 52ND CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT ACT, 1985 under PM Rajiv Gandhi's government. It was further strengthened by the 91st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003 which omitted the 'split' provision and retained only the 'merger' provision. The 73rd Amendment 1992 added the Eleventh Schedule (Panchayati Raj). The 42nd Amendment 1976 made many changes but did NOT add the Anti-Defection Law.
Read source story → - International26 Apr 2026
The Kothari Commission (1964-66) — chaired by Daulat Singh Kothari — recommended what level of public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP for India?
- A.3% of GDP
- B.5% of GDP
- C.6% of GDP
- D.10% of GDP
Show solution
Answer: C. 6% of GDP
The Kothari Commission recommended public expenditure on education of 6% of GDP — a target India has not yet met (currently around 3% of GDP). The Commission was chaired by Daulat Singh Kothari, who was the Chairman of UGC at the time. The 6% target has been reaffirmed by subsequent education policies including NEP 2020.
Read source story → - International26 Apr 2026
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 — India's comprehensive higher-education policy — targets what Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education by what year?
- A.50% by 2030
- B.50% by 2035
- C.75% by 2040
- D.100% by 2050
Show solution
Answer: B. 50% by 2035
NEP 2020 targets 50% Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education by 2035. NEP 2020 was approved by the Union Cabinet on 29 July 2020 and is the third major NEP after NEP 1968 and NEP 1986 (modified 1992). It was drafted by the K. Kasturirangan Committee. Other key provisions include 4-year UG with multiple entry/exit, Academic Bank of Credits, multidisciplinarity, and Common University Entrance Test (CUET).
Read source story → - International26 Apr 2026
The University Grants Commission (UGC) — India's apex regulator for non-technical higher education — was established under which Act?
- A.UGC Act, 1956
- B.AICTE Act, 1987
- C.Right to Education Act, 2009
- D.National Education Policy, 2020
Show solution
Answer: A. UGC Act, 1956
The UGC was established under the University Grants Commission Act, 1956. UGC is a statutory body under the Ministry of Education with headquarters in New Delhi. It is the apex regulator for non-technical higher education in India. AICTE Act 1987 gave statutory status to AICTE (technical education regulator). NEP 2020 is a policy, not the establishing law for UGC.
Read source story → - Science & Tech26 Apr 2026
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), established under the Disaster Management Act 2005, is chaired by:
- A.The Home Minister
- B.The Prime Minister
- C.The President
- D.The Cabinet Secretary
Show solution
Answer: B. The Prime Minister
The NDMA is chaired by the PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA, with up to 9 members. It is the apex body for disaster management in India under the Disaster Management Act, 2005. State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) — including APSDMA — are chaired by respective Chief Ministers; District Disaster Management Authorities (DDMAs) are chaired by District Magistrates/Collectors.
Read source story → - Polity & Governance26 Apr 2026
The recommendation that ultimately led to constitutional status being granted to Panchayati Raj Institutions through the 73rd Amendment came from:
- A.Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957)
- B.Ashok Mehta Committee (1977)
- C.L.M. Singhvi Committee (1986)
- D.GVK Rao Committee (1985)
Show solution
Answer: C. L.M. Singhvi Committee (1986)
The L.M. Singhvi Committee (1986) recommended that Panchayati Raj Institutions should be granted CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS. This seminal recommendation was eventually embodied in the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, which came into force on 24 April 1993.
Read source story → - International26 Apr 2026
Ronald Ross — who demonstrated in 1897 that mosquitoes transmit malaria — received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in:
- A.1900
- B.1902
- C.1907
- D.1923
Show solution
Answer: B. 1902
Ronald Ross received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1902 — the second Nobel in this category. He demonstrated in 1897 that female Anopheles mosquitoes transmit malaria parasites. Charles Laveran (who discovered the Plasmodium parasite in 1880 in Algeria) received the Nobel Prize in 1907. Both contributed foundational work to malaria science.
Read source story → - Uncategorized26 Apr 2026
The 'Vocal for Local' campaign — referenced in CCIC's strategic positioning — was announced under which national initiative?
- A.Make in India (2014)
- B.Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan (announced 12 May 2020)
- C.Skill India Mission
- D.Digital India
Show solution
Answer: B. Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan (announced 12 May 2020)
The 'Vocal for Local' campaign was launched under Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan (Self-Reliant India Mission) announced by PM Narendra Modi on 12 May 2020 in response to COVID-19. The campaign promotes purchase of locally-made products. CCIC's Soul Threads strengthens the expanded 'Vocal for Local to Global' vision through cultural branding of Indian textile heritage.
Read source story → - Science & Tech26 Apr 2026
Which Indian city launched the COUNTRY'S FIRST Heat Action Plan (HAP) in 2013, in response to the deadly 2010 heatwave?
- A.Delhi
- B.Ahmedabad
- C.Mumbai
- D.Chennai
Show solution
Answer: B. Ahmedabad
AHMEDABAD launched India's FIRST Heat Action Plan (HAP) in 2013, in response to the 2010 Ahmedabad heatwave that caused approximately 1,344 excess deaths. The Ahmedabad HAP became the model for subsequent state and city HAPs across India. As of recent counts, over 23 Indian states have notified HAPs.
Read source story → - Uncategorized26 Apr 2026
Which of the following GI-tagged textile crafts is correctly matched with its state of origin?
- A.Banarasi sarees — Tamil Nadu
- B.Kanjivaram sarees — Madhya Pradesh
- C.Pochampally Ikat — Telangana
- D.Chanderi sarees — West Bengal
Show solution
Answer: C. Pochampally Ikat — Telangana
Pochampally Ikat is a GI-tagged textile craft from Telangana. Correct matchings: Banarasi sarees (Uttar Pradesh — UP), Kanjivaram sarees (Tamil Nadu — Kanchipuram), Pochampally Ikat (Telangana), Chanderi sarees (Madhya Pradesh — MP), Jamdani (West Bengal/Andhra Pradesh), Pashmina (Jammu & Kashmir), Phulkari (Punjab), Kullu shawls (Himachal Pradesh).
Read source story → - Polity & Governance26 Apr 2026
Which of the following Articles establishes the State Finance Commission for Panchayats?
- A.Article 243D
- B.Article 243-I
- C.Article 243-K
- D.Article 243A
Show solution
Answer: B. Article 243-I
Article 243-I establishes the State Finance Commission, which is constituted by the Governor every 5 years to review the financial position of Panchayats and recommend fiscal devolution. Article 243A — Gram Sabha; Article 243D — reservation in Panchayats; Article 243-K — State Election Commission. All inserted by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.
Read source story → - International26 Apr 2026
The first malaria vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) in October 2021 — about 30-40% effective — is:
- A.BCG
- B.RTS,S (Mosquirix)
- C.R21/Matrix-M
- D.Covishield
Show solution
Answer: B. RTS,S (Mosquirix)
RTS,S (trade name Mosquirix), manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline, was the FIRST malaria vaccine recommended by WHO in October 2021 — about 30-40% effective. The R21/Matrix-M vaccine was the SECOND, recommended by WHO in October 2023 — more scalable and lower-cost, manufactured by Serum Institute of India in collaboration with the University of Oxford. BCG is for tuberculosis; Covishield is for COVID-19.
Read source story → - Uncategorized26 Apr 2026
India's position in the global handloom sector is best described as:
- A.The third-largest handloom producer
- B.The world's largest handloom producer, accounting for approximately 95% of the world's hand-woven fabric
- C.A small but emerging handloom market
- D.Equal to China in handloom output
Show solution
Answer: B. The world's largest handloom producer, accounting for approximately 95% of the world's hand-woven fabric
India is the world's LARGEST handloom producer and accounts for approximately 95% of the world's hand-woven fabric. The handloom sector is also the second-largest rural employment provider in India after agriculture, with ~35 lakh people directly employed.
Read source story → - International26 Apr 2026
The 2026 theme of World Malaria Day is:
- A.'Zero Malaria Starts With Me'
- B.'Malaria-Free World Begins With You'
- C.'Driven to End Malaria: Now We Can. Now We Must.'
- D.'Beat Malaria Together'
Show solution
Answer: C. 'Driven to End Malaria: Now We Can. Now We Must.'
The 2026 theme of World Malaria Day is 'Driven to End Malaria: Now We Can. Now We Must.' — highlighting scientific progress (vaccines, diagnostics) and stressing that elimination is achievable with collective effort across governments, healthcare institutions, and global organisations.
Read source story → - Polity & Governance26 Apr 2026
The Eleventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution — added by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act — lists how many subjects to be devolved to Panchayati Raj Institutions?
- A.18 subjects
- B.29 subjects
- C.47 subjects
- D.97 subjects
Show solution
Answer: B. 29 subjects
The Eleventh Schedule lists 29 subjects to be devolved to Panchayati Raj Institutions, including agriculture, land improvement, irrigation, animal husbandry, fisheries, social forestry, small-scale industries, drinking water, roads, electricity, education, health, women and child development, etc. The Twelfth Schedule (added by 74th Amendment) lists 18 subjects for Urban Local Bodies. The 7th Schedule lists Union/State/Concurrent legislative subjects (97/66/47 entries respectively in the original).
Read source story → - Uncategorized26 Apr 2026
When is National Handloom Day observed in India, and what does it commemorate?
- A.1 August — Independence-era weavers' protest
- B.7 August — Swadeshi Movement launched against partition of Bengal in 1905
- C.15 August — Independence Day
- D.2 October — Gandhi Jayanti
Show solution
Answer: B. 7 August — Swadeshi Movement launched against partition of Bengal in 1905
National Handloom Day is observed on 7 August every year in India. It commemorates the Swadeshi Movement launched on 7 August 1905 against the partition of Bengal — when Indians boycotted British goods and promoted indigenous handloom and handicraft products. The day was instituted by the Government of India in 2015; the first Handloom Day was inaugurated by PM Narendra Modi at Madras University, Chennai.
Read source story → - Science & Tech26 Apr 2026
Per IMD criteria, a HEATWAVE in plains regions of India is declared when the maximum temperature is at least:
- A.35°C with 3-4°C departure from normal
- B.40°C with 5-6°C departure from normal
- C.30°C with 5-6°C departure from normal
- D.37°C with 7°C+ departure from normal
Show solution
Answer: B. 40°C with 5-6°C departure from normal
Per India Meteorological Department (IMD) criteria, for PLAINS regions a heatwave is declared when the maximum temperature is at least 40°C AND the departure from normal is 5-6°C (heatwave) or 7°C+ (severe heatwave). For HILLS, the threshold is at least 30°C; for COASTAL areas, at least 37°C.
Read source story → - Uncategorized26 Apr 2026
The Central Cottage Industries Corporation of India (CCIC), which launched the 'Soul Threads' heritage designer collection, functions under which Ministry?
- A.Ministry of Culture
- B.Ministry of Textiles
- C.Ministry of MSME
- D.Ministry of Tourism
Show solution
Answer: B. Ministry of Textiles
CCIC functions under the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India. It is a Government of India enterprise, founded in 1948 (originally as Cottage Industries Exposition Limited), that promotes and markets authentic Indian handicrafts and handlooms. Note: KVIC (Khadi and Village Industries Commission) is under Ministry of MSME, not Textiles — distinct from CCIC.
Read source story → - International26 Apr 2026
World Malaria Day is observed annually on which date and was established by which body?
- A.7 April — World Health Organization
- B.25 April — World Health Organization
- C.1 December — UNAIDS
- D.24 March — Stop TB Partnership
Show solution
Answer: B. 25 April — World Health Organization
World Malaria Day is observed annually on 25 April. It was established by the World Health Organization (WHO), first observed in 2008, and replaced the earlier Africa Malaria Day (which had been observed since 2001 in line with the Abuja Declaration). World Health Day (7 April), World AIDS Day (1 December), and World TB Day (24 March) are different observances.
Read source story → - Polity & Governance26 Apr 2026
The committee that first recommended a three-tier Panchayati Raj structure in India — leading to the launch of Panchayati Raj in Rajasthan (Nagaur) on 2 October 1959 — was:
- A.L.M. Singhvi Committee (1986)
- B.Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957)
- C.Ashok Mehta Committee (1977)
- D.GVK Rao Committee (1985)
Show solution
Answer: B. Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957)
The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957) was the first major committee on local self-government in India. It recommended a three-tier Panchayati Raj structure — Gram Panchayat (village), Panchayat Samiti (block), and Zila Parishad (district). Based on its recommendations, the first Panchayati Raj system was launched at Nagaur, Rajasthan on 2 October 1959 by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Later committees: Ashok Mehta (1977) recommended two-tier; GVK Rao (1985) emphasised PRIs as implementing agencies; L.M. Singhvi (1986) recommended constitutional status (embodied in 73rd Amendment, 1992).
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
According to the satellite-based global study published in 2025, which two Indian cities have landfills among the world's top 25 methane-emitting waste sites?
- A.Delhi and Bengaluru
- B.Mumbai and Secunderabad
- C.Kolkata and Hyderabad
- D.Chennai and Pune
Show solution
Answer: B. Mumbai and Secunderabad
The study — using Carbon Mapper satellite data and analysed by the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) through its Stop Methane Project — identified landfill sites in Mumbai and Secunderabad among the top 25 global methane-emitting waste sites in 2025. The study analysed 2,994 methane plumes from 707 waste sites worldwide.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Which of the following is the National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal helpline number in India?
- A.1090
- B.1098
- C.1930
- D.100
Show solution
Answer: C. 1930
The National Cyber Crime Reporting helpline number in India is 1930. The portal (cybercrime.gov.in) and helpline are run by the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) under the Ministry of Home Affairs, operationalised 2018-19. (1090 is the women-in-distress helpline in some states; 1098 is CHILDLINE; 100 is the police emergency helpline.)
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Infrared radiation was discovered in 1800 by:
- A.Isaac Newton
- B.William Herschel
- C.Albert Einstein
- D.Michael Faraday
Show solution
Answer: B. William Herschel
Infrared radiation was discovered by William Herschel in 1800 — the first electromagnetic radiation discovered beyond visible light. Herschel was experimenting with prism-decomposed sunlight when he noticed heating effects in the region just beyond the visible red end of the spectrum.
Read source story → - Economy & Banking25 Apr 2026
Rajasthan's oil and gas reserves are concentrated in which basin?
- A.Cambay basin
- B.Krishna-Godavari basin
- C.Barmer-Sanchore basin
- D.Cauvery basin
Show solution
Answer: C. Barmer-Sanchore basin
Rajasthan's oil and gas reserves are concentrated in the Barmer-Sanchore basin in western Rajasthan (Barmer and Jalore districts). It is one of India's largest inland hydrocarbon discoveries (made in the 2000s), with approximately 38 discovered oil fields and ~150 million barrels of proven crude oil reserves. Cambay basin is in Gujarat; Krishna-Godavari basin is offshore Andhra Pradesh; Cauvery basin is in Tamil Nadu.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
The defensive coalition 'Project Glasswing', referenced in the reportage on AI cybersecurity tools, reportedly includes which of the following companies?
- A.AWS, Google, and Microsoft
- B.Apple, Facebook, and Twitter
- C.Salesforce, Oracle, and IBM
- D.Tesla, Uber, and Airbnb
Show solution
Answer: A. AWS, Google, and Microsoft
Per the reportage, Project Glasswing is a defensive coalition that reportedly includes Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google, and Microsoft, coordinating protection against cyber threats using shared AI tools. Coalitions of this kind aim to pool detection capability and threat intelligence across major cloud providers.
Read source story → - Economy & Banking25 Apr 2026
India's largest onshore oil field — part of the MBA cluster in the Barmer-Sanchore basin — is:
- A.Bhagyam
- B.Aishwariya
- C.Mangala
- D.Saraswati
Show solution
Answer: C. Mangala
Mangala is India's largest onshore oil field, part of the Mangala-Bhagyam-Aishwariya (MBA) cluster in the Barmer-Sanchore basin of Rajasthan. Peak production reached around 200,000 barrels per day. Bhagyam and Aishwariya are major supporting fields in the same cluster.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Which Act is India's primary cyber-legislation, originally passed in 2000 with major amendments in 2008 adding cybercrime and intermediary liability provisions?
- A.Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023
- B.Information Technology Act, 2000
- C.Telecommunications Act, 2023
- D.Indian Penal Code, 1860
Show solution
Answer: B. Information Technology Act, 2000
The Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act) is India's primary cyber-legislation. Major amendments in 2008 added cybercrime provisions, intermediary liability framework, and electronic governance updates. The Act is administered by MeitY. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is a separate (and more recent) law focused specifically on personal data protection.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Infrared (IR) radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum is located between:
- A.Visible light and ultraviolet
- B.Visible light and microwaves
- C.X-rays and gamma rays
- D.Radio waves and microwaves
Show solution
Answer: B. Visible light and microwaves
Infrared (IR) radiation lies between visible light (specifically below visible red) and microwaves in the electromagnetic spectrum. The order in increasing frequency is: Radio waves → Microwaves → Infrared → Visible light → Ultraviolet → X-rays → Gamma rays. IR was discovered by William Herschel in 1800.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
In a LED-based infrared (IR) sensor, which component DETECTS the reflected IR light from an object and allows current flow?
- A.IR LED
- B.Photodiode
- C.Capacitor
- D.Resistor
Show solution
Answer: B. Photodiode
The PHOTODIODE detects reflected IR light and allows current flow, acting like a switch. The IR LED is the emitter that produces the IR light. The 5-step working: (1) IR LED emits infrared light; (2) IR travels forward; (3) Object reflects IR back; (4) Photodiode detects + allows current flow; (5) Electrical signal activates connected system.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) — India's national nodal agency for cybersecurity incident response — functions under which Ministry?
- A.Ministry of Home Affairs
- B.Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
- C.Ministry of Defence
- D.Ministry of External Affairs
Show solution
Answer: B. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team) functions under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY). It was established under Section 70B of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (added by the 2008 Amendment). The CERT-In Directions of April 2022 require service providers to report cyber incidents within six hours.
Read source story →