Current Affairs
Question Bank
Every CA question in one place. Filter by subject, month, or exam track. Solutions inline.
Subject
Month
17 questions
- Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
According to the satellite-based global study published in 2025, which two Indian cities have landfills among the world's top 25 methane-emitting waste sites?
- A.Delhi and Bengaluru
- B.Mumbai and Secunderabad
- C.Kolkata and Hyderabad
- D.Chennai and Pune
Show solution
Answer: B. Mumbai and Secunderabad
The study — using Carbon Mapper satellite data and analysed by the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) through its Stop Methane Project — identified landfill sites in Mumbai and Secunderabad among the top 25 global methane-emitting waste sites in 2025. The study analysed 2,994 methane plumes from 707 waste sites worldwide.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Which of the following is the National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal helpline number in India?
- A.1090
- B.1098
- C.1930
- D.100
Show solution
Answer: C. 1930
The National Cyber Crime Reporting helpline number in India is 1930. The portal (cybercrime.gov.in) and helpline are run by the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) under the Ministry of Home Affairs, operationalised 2018-19. (1090 is the women-in-distress helpline in some states; 1098 is CHILDLINE; 100 is the police emergency helpline.)
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Infrared radiation was discovered in 1800 by:
- A.Isaac Newton
- B.William Herschel
- C.Albert Einstein
- D.Michael Faraday
Show solution
Answer: B. William Herschel
Infrared radiation was discovered by William Herschel in 1800 — the first electromagnetic radiation discovered beyond visible light. Herschel was experimenting with prism-decomposed sunlight when he noticed heating effects in the region just beyond the visible red end of the spectrum.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
The defensive coalition 'Project Glasswing', referenced in the reportage on AI cybersecurity tools, reportedly includes which of the following companies?
- A.AWS, Google, and Microsoft
- B.Apple, Facebook, and Twitter
- C.Salesforce, Oracle, and IBM
- D.Tesla, Uber, and Airbnb
Show solution
Answer: A. AWS, Google, and Microsoft
Per the reportage, Project Glasswing is a defensive coalition that reportedly includes Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google, and Microsoft, coordinating protection against cyber threats using shared AI tools. Coalitions of this kind aim to pool detection capability and threat intelligence across major cloud providers.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Which Act is India's primary cyber-legislation, originally passed in 2000 with major amendments in 2008 adding cybercrime and intermediary liability provisions?
- A.Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023
- B.Information Technology Act, 2000
- C.Telecommunications Act, 2023
- D.Indian Penal Code, 1860
Show solution
Answer: B. Information Technology Act, 2000
The Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act) is India's primary cyber-legislation. Major amendments in 2008 added cybercrime provisions, intermediary liability framework, and electronic governance updates. The Act is administered by MeitY. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is a separate (and more recent) law focused specifically on personal data protection.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Infrared (IR) radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum is located between:
- A.Visible light and ultraviolet
- B.Visible light and microwaves
- C.X-rays and gamma rays
- D.Radio waves and microwaves
Show solution
Answer: B. Visible light and microwaves
Infrared (IR) radiation lies between visible light (specifically below visible red) and microwaves in the electromagnetic spectrum. The order in increasing frequency is: Radio waves → Microwaves → Infrared → Visible light → Ultraviolet → X-rays → Gamma rays. IR was discovered by William Herschel in 1800.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
In a LED-based infrared (IR) sensor, which component DETECTS the reflected IR light from an object and allows current flow?
- A.IR LED
- B.Photodiode
- C.Capacitor
- D.Resistor
Show solution
Answer: B. Photodiode
The PHOTODIODE detects reflected IR light and allows current flow, acting like a switch. The IR LED is the emitter that produces the IR light. The 5-step working: (1) IR LED emits infrared light; (2) IR travels forward; (3) Object reflects IR back; (4) Photodiode detects + allows current flow; (5) Electrical signal activates connected system.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) — India's national nodal agency for cybersecurity incident response — functions under which Ministry?
- A.Ministry of Home Affairs
- B.Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
- C.Ministry of Defence
- D.Ministry of External Affairs
Show solution
Answer: B. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team) functions under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY). It was established under Section 70B of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (added by the 2008 Amendment). The CERT-In Directions of April 2022 require service providers to report cyber incidents within six hours.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
What proportion of Indian tobacco product packaging is covered by pictorial health warnings under current rules?
- A.40%
- B.60%
- C.75%
- D.85%
Show solution
Answer: D. 85%
India's pictorial health warnings on tobacco product packaging cover 85% of the principal display area — among the largest globally, since 2016. The warnings are rotated periodically and designed to depict severe health consequences of tobacco use.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
India ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) on:
- A.21 May 2003
- B.5 February 2004
- C.27 February 2005
- D.31 March 2007
Show solution
Answer: B. 5 February 2004
India ratified the WHO-FCTC on 5 February 2004 — making it the 8th country to do so. The WHO-FCTC was adopted by WHO Member States on 21 May 2003 and entered into force globally on 27 February 2005. It is the first global health treaty under WHO.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
India's primary tobacco-control legislation — banning smoking in public places and regulating tobacco product trade — is:
- A.Public Health (Prevention) Act, 2005
- B.Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA), 2003
- C.Smoking and Tobacco Control Act, 2007
- D.Prohibition of Electronic Cigarettes Act, 2019
Show solution
Answer: B. Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA), 2003
The Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA), 2003 is India's primary tobacco-control legislation. It bans smoking in public places, prohibits sale of tobacco products to minors and within 100 yards of educational institutions, and regulates advertising and packaging. The Prohibition of Electronic Cigarettes Act, 2019 is a separate, more recent law specifically banning e-cigarettes.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
According to the BMJ Global Health study, approximately how many Indian households could move into a higher income category if tobacco consumption were eliminated?
- A.5.62 million
- B.10 million
- C.20.49 million
- D.267 million
Show solution
Answer: C. 20.49 million
The study estimates approximately 20.49 million households (10.6% of all households) have the potential to improve their economic standing by giving up tobacco. 5.62 million is the figure for the poorest households who could rise out of poverty entirely; 267 million is India's estimated total tobacco-user base.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
The Late Payment Surcharge Rules of 2022 were introduced primarily to address:
- A.Late tax filings by renewable companies
- B.Timely DISCOM payments to power generators including renewable sector
- C.Late filing of consumer electricity bills
- D.Late submission of subsidy claims
Show solution
Answer: B. Timely DISCOM payments to power generators including renewable sector
The Late Payment Surcharge Rules of 2022 were introduced by the Ministry of Power to ensure timely DISCOM (Distribution Company) payments to power generators — including renewable sector generators. The rules impose graduated surcharges on overdue payments and are a key tool for renewable sector financial discipline alongside DISCOM reforms like UDAY (2015) and RDSS (2021-26).
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Under the Panchamrit (five climate pledges) announced by PM Modi at COP26 Glasgow in November 2021, India committed to achieving net-zero emissions by:
- A.2050
- B.2060
- C.2070
- D.2080
Show solution
Answer: C. 2070
Under the Panchamrit pledges at COP26 Glasgow (November 2021), PM Modi committed India to achieving net-zero emissions by 2070. The other four pledges are: 500 GW non-fossil capacity by 2030, 50% energy from RE by 2030, 1 billion tonnes CO2 reduction by 2030, and carbon intensity 45% reduction by 2030.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
India is currently the _____ largest wind energy producer globally.
- A.Second
- B.Third
- C.Fourth
- D.Fifth
Show solution
Answer: C. Fourth
India is the 4th-largest wind energy producer globally — after China (largest, ~450+ GW), United States (~150+ GW), and Germany (~70+ GW). India's installed capacity now exceeds 56.1 GW after the FY 2025-26 addition.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
India's total installed wind energy capacity has crossed which milestone after the addition of 6.1 GW in 2025-26?
- A.46.1 GW
- B.56.1 GW
- C.76.1 GW
- D.100 GW
Show solution
Answer: B. 56.1 GW
India's total installed wind energy capacity crossed 56.1 GW after the addition of 6.1 GW in 2025-26. This consolidates India's position as the 4th-largest wind energy producer globally (after China, USA, and Germany). The 100 GW figure is the 2030 TARGET, not the current capacity.
Read source story → - Science & Tech25 Apr 2026
Under India's Panchamrit climate commitments at COP26 Glasgow (November 2021), the target for non-fossil energy capacity by 2030 is:
- A.100 GW
- B.300 GW
- C.450 GW
- D.500 GW
Show solution
Answer: D. 500 GW
Under the Panchamrit pledges at COP26 Glasgow (November 2021), PM Modi committed India to achieving 500 GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030. The 100 GW figure refers to the wind-specific target by 2030 within this broader 500 GW commitment.
Read source story →